With age, many of us notice our pores become more prominent. This is due to several interconnected factors driving this visible change in complexion over time.
Understanding these underlying changes is key to preventing pronounced pores and can even minimise their appearance in some cases, according to Brittony Croasdell, MS, FNP-BC, APRN, nurse practitioner and co-founder of Fulcrum Aesthetics in Chicago.
“Over time, the skin’s natural production of elastin and collagen declines, leading to sagging skin, which in turn makes pores appear larger,” Ms Croasdell told GB News.
But beyond the decline in elastin and collagen, prolonged ultraviolet exposure and environmental pollutants play perhaps one of the most significant roles in the process.
Pore size can be minimised through daily skincare routines and professional interventions
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“Prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays and other environmental factors weakens the structural support of the skin, contributing to greater pore visibility,” Ms Croasdell explained.
Changes in sebum production also have a lot to answer for, according to the expert.
“As we age, alterations in oil production, combined with the buildup of dead skin cells, can cause pores to become clogged and stretched,” the nurse practitioner noted.
This accumulation of debris within the pores creates a stretching effect, making them appear considerably more pronounced than they did during our younger years.
Hormonal shifts represent another crucial factor in this skin transformation.
“Particularly in women, hormonal changes, such as those experienced during menopause, can further exacerbate the enlargement of pores. For men, an increase in Testosterone increases sebum production and sweating,” Croasdell stated.
How to reduce pore size?
Many patients enquire about achieving “glass skin”, but the expert offers a realistic perspective on what can actually be accomplished.
“It’s important to understand that pore size is primarily determined by genetics, with hormones and sebum production being the little brothers enlarging our pores,” she said.
So while a permanent reduction in pore dimensions remains impossible, altering how light reflects off the skin’s surface can create the appearance of smaller, less visible pores.
For those seeking to diminish the visibility of enlarged pores at home, several active ingredients have proven particularly beneficial.
“Using products with ingredients like retinoids, niacinamide, and alpha or beta hydroxy acids can help by boosting cell turnover, enhancing collagen synthesis, and improving skin texture,” Ms Croasdell advised.
These compounds work synergistically to refine the skin’s surface and promote a smoother complexion.
“Regular exfoliation and consistent sun protection are key to maintaining skin health and preventing further changes in pore size,” the specialist added.
Establishing a disciplined daily regimen incorporating these elements can yield meaningful improvements over time, although patience remains essential as results develop gradually with continued use.
For more dramatic results, professional treatments offer enhanced efficacy in addressing pore concerns.
Ms Croasdell commented: “These include chemical peels, microneedling (with or without radiofrequency), and laser resurfacing. Additionally, we provide TCA cross peels, which are particularly effective for reducing the appearance of icepick scars.
Natural alternatives also merit consideration for those preferring gentler approaches.
Sun damage and environmental stressors contribute to the enlargement of pores
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Witch hazel possesses astringent qualities that tighten skin and control excess oil, while green tea delivers antioxidant protection and helps regulate sebum production.
Aloe vera offers soothing benefits alongside gentle exfoliation through its natural enzymes and clays such as bentonite or kaolin draw out impurities while absorbing surplus oil.
However, Ms Croasdell says while these botanical options support skin health, consistent professional care and sun protection remain vital for achieving lasting improvements.